Setelah Proklamasi Kemerdekaan 17 Agustus 1945, negara muda Republik Indonesia segera membentuk Badan Keamanan Rakyat (BKR).
In 1973, the US. inaugurated the Total Force by increasing the responsibilities of the National Guard and Reserve Forces as partners with the Active Forces in carrying out national security strategy.
Many individuals and institutions have helpedcme greatly in the writing of this book, and I am deeply indebted to them. first of all. I wish to record my thanks to professor William Liddle of Ohio state University. USA.