In late 2001, Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld summoned the senior military leadership to his office on the E-ring of the Pentagon.
When Charlie Allen saw the satellite photos on the morning of August 1, 1990, he knew that it was time to sound the klaxon. For a week, Allen had been warning that Iraq would probably attack Kuwait, only to be told by most of his colleagues in the intelligence world that Iraqs muscle flexing was a bluff.